Daily Web3 Headlines You Need To Know
28 July #NFT #Metaverse #DeFi&Trading
🖼 NFT
Cuban NFT artists say they face censorship within the crypto market
古巴的NFT艺术家表示，他们在加密货币市场面临审查
Cuba’s art market shut down completely during the pandemic, leading the community to turn to digital markets for survival. However, artists say that they remain censored due to the United States sanctions against Cuba, with US based platforms like Open Sea going to the extremes of deleting content and accounts linked to the country itself…(Read More)
Tron producer Donald Kushner creates Web3-inspired Cryptosaurs NFT collection
Tron制作人Donald Kushner创造了受Web3启发的Cryptosaurs NFT系列
It’s been 40 years since the classic sci-fi adventure film Tron hit movie screens around the world. Produced by Donald Kushner and released by Walt Disney Productions, its highly original futuresque concept made history by revolutionizing the use of computer animation in film while introducing audiences to one of the earliest interpretations of a digital metaverse…(Read More)
🌖 Metaverse
FTC files lawsuit against Meta over attempted monopolization of metaverse
联邦贸易委员会以试图垄断元宇宙为由起诉Meta公司
The government watchdog previously filed a lawsuit against the social media giant in 2020 for alleged “anticompetitive conduct” in its acquisitions of WhatsApp and Instagram…(Read More)
What is Bloktopia (BLOK) and how does it work?
什么是Bloktopia (BLOK)，它是如何工作的?
Bloktopia is a metaverse project that aims to be an educational and entertainment hub for all levels of crypto experience with information and immersive experience in one place. Built on top of the Polygon network and powered by the cross-platform game engine Unity, Bloktopia leverages the technology to create stunning visualizations and user experiences…(Read More)
📈 DeFi & Trading
Bitcoin spikes above $22.2K as Fed votes for 75-basis-point rate hike
美联储投票支持加息75个基点，比特币价格飙升至222000美元之上
Data from Cointelegraph Markets Pro and TradingView showed BTC/USD reacting positively to confirmation that the Federal Open Markets Committee (FOMC) had unanimously voted to hike the Fed funds rate by 75 basis points…(Read More)
Tether’s recovery of an $840mn loan scrutinised in Celsius bankruptcy
Tether公司因在Celsius破产案中追回8.4亿美元贷款一事受到审查
Stablecoin issuer Tether faces scrutiny over an $840mn loan it recovered from Celsius Network as the crypto lender’s bankruptcy tests how insolvency rules apply to digital assets. Celsius filed for bankruptcy protection in the US this month, becoming the latest casualty of the recent crash in crypto prices and leaving hundreds of thousands of its customers facing losses on their investments…(Read More)
🔍 Learn
#Tether #LendingProtocol #liquidate #Celsius
本月初，加密“稳定币”巨头Tether（USDT）声称，已经清算了借贷方Celsius所提供的贷款，成功规避了这项损失。据称，Celsius借出的是一笔以比特币计价、超额抵押130%以上的贷款。他们表示，这笔交易仅仅是股东权益的一小部分，与Tether储备金和稳定性无关，并强调，清算抵押品是根据加密平台的协议条款所执行的，Celsius的贷款已被清算，并没有对Tether造成任何损失。
Celsius本月在美国申请了破产保护，使最近加密货币价格“雪崩”下的牺牲品，使数十万的客户投资面临损失。Celsius被爆出仍有2.3万颗比特币抵押品仍位于Maker合约之上，通过借出DAI（一种由Maker DAO维护和监管的稳定币，通过以太坊区块链上的智能合约自动化系统，将该币的价值维持在与美元1：1的比例上）来偿还负债，贷款金额高达2.78亿美元，随后，Celsius向各个借贷协议陆续还款来降低清算价格。
但是，什么是DeFi世界中的清算？
先来了解什么是DeFi。在DeFi协议中，借贷的方式和现实世界中的等差不多。在Maker、Compound这类的平台上可以实现了无需信任的抵押贷款，换言之，借方可以以存入抵押品的形式得到个别资产，并且为此功能支付利息。这是最原始的贷款形式，一旦借方无法偿还，那么贷款人便可以直接在公开市场上售出抵押品抵债。但是，与传统借贷不同的是，它能够无边际成本的支持符合同质化代币标准的所有加密资产之间的借贷，并能够根据市场供需，自动化的计算与调整市场的借贷利率，目前，DeFi中的各类借贷平台都处于抵押贷款的模式，通过抵押“货物”换取可流动货币。如果借款方的抵押品随着币价波动而导致抵押价值过低，智能合约将会启动清算机制，将借方的抵押品竞标卖出以确保智能合约的正常运行。
整体而言，DeFi的借贷模式有三种——以稳定币抵押、以流动池抵押和“闪电贷”的模式。稳定币抵押的代表为Maker DAO，意味着通过抵押某种主流的加密资产获得锚定1美元的DAI，借款方可使用DAI进行交易，增加借款方的流动性。第二种流动池（Liquidity Pool，一池被锁在智能合约中的代币池）抵押便与传统的借贷方式一样，以流动的资金池方式聚集贷方的资金，并将资金给借方，通过算法平衡供求、设定利率，一般上，流动池类似于一个小型市场，流动性提供者（出借方）将资产存入这个小型市场中，用户可以对自己感兴趣的代币选择借贷或交易，一旦交易发生，用户（借款方）将会向流动性提供者支付交易手续费用。最后一种闪电贷模式主要是面向开发者，概念类似于目前的“创业投资（Venture Capital）”，允许有技术的开发人员在没有任何资金的情况下，无需任何抵押便可以借款。
在比特币价格下跌的情况下，Celsius无法提供更多的抵押品支付Tether对保证金的追讨，因此后者出售了Celsius抵押的比特币，并同意归还任何若有的剩余抵押品，最后的清算结果给Celsius带来了1亿美元的损失。
而在Celsius被清算之后，一个新的法律问题涌现。在Tether借款或者是其他利用加密货币作为担保的借款上，现有的破产法如何在数字资产市场中被应用，仍为法律的真空地带。破产法律师Brandon Hammer强调，在破产法下，并不是只要出借方占有抵押品就能追回其债款，反之，他们有可能被迫归还资产，只保留“无担保债权”。
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